CITTY
Climate
Mazar-i-Sharif has a cold steppe climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with hot summers and cold winters. Precipitation is low, and mostly falls between December and April. The climate in Mazar-i-Sharif is very hot during the summer with daily temperatures of over 40 °C (104 °F) from June to August. The winters are cold with temperatures falling below freezing; it may snow from November.[28]
| [hide]Climate data for Mazar-i-Sharif | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
28.6 (83.5) |
32.4 (90.3) |
37.8 (100) |
43.0 (109.4) |
45.6 (114.1) |
48.1 (118.6) |
46.0 (114.8) |
39.5 (103.1) |
37.0 (98.6) |
29.8 (85.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
48.1 (118.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
16.3 (61.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
31.2 (88.2) |
37.0 (98.6) |
38.9 (102) |
36.9 (98.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
16.4 (61.5) |
10.8 (51.4) |
23.93 (75.06) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
5.1 (41.2) |
10.8 (51.4) |
17.9 (64.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
33.3 (91.9) |
29.9 (85.8) |
23.9 (75) |
16.7 (62.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
5.1 (41.2) |
17.4 (63.32) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −2.1 (28.2) |
0.0 (32) |
5.1 (41.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
16.6 (61.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
25.9 (78.6) |
23.8 (74.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
3.2 (37.8) |
0.0 (32) |
11.07 (51.92) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.3 (−8.1) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−6.1 (21) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
11.1 (52) |
13.7 (56.7) |
2.6 (36.7) |
4.5 (40.1) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−24 (−11.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 28.9 (1.138) |
34.8 (1.37) |
43.8 (1.724) |
28.3 (1.114) |
11.2 (0.441) |
0.2 (0.008) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.1 (0.004) |
3.9 (0.154) |
13.5 (0.531) |
21.7 (0.854) |
186.4 (7.338) |
| Average rainy days | 4 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 46 |
| Average snowy days | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 10 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 77 | 72 | 64 | 44 | 27 | 25 | 24 | 28 | 41 | 62 | 75 | 51.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 122.2 | 118.4 | 158.1 | 193.8 | 299.9 | 352.9 | 364.4 | 332.7 | 298.2 | 223.2 | 173.6 | 125.5 | 2,762.9 |
| Source: NOAA (1959–1983)[29] | |||||||||||||
Demography
Locals of Mazar-i-Sharif enjoying rides at a small family amusement park which is still under construction.
The city of Mazar-i-Sharif has a total population of 693,000 (2015),[30] and is the third largest city of Afghanistan in terms of population.[31] It has a total land area of 8,304 Hectares with 77,615 total number of dwellings.[32]
Mazari Sharif is a multiethnic and multilingual society of around 375,000 people. There is no official government report on the exact ethnic make-over but a map appeared in the November 2003 issue of the National Geographic magazine showing Tajiks 60%, Hazaras 10%, Pashtun 10%, Turkmen 10%, and Uzbeks 10%.[33] Occasional ethnic violence have been reported in the region in the last decades, mainly between Pashtuns and the other groups.[15][34][35][36] Some latest news reports mentioned assassinations taking place in the area but with no evidence as to who is behind it.[16]
The dominant language in Mazari Sharif is Dari (Afghan Persian) followed by Uzbeki. Majority of the population of Mazar-i Sharif practice Sui Islam.
Economy
Store in Mazar-i-Sharif with Russian name in Cyrillic
Mazar-e Sharif serves as the major trading center in northern Afghanistan. The local economy is dominated by trade, agriculture and Karakul sheep farming. Small-scale oil and gas exploitation have also boosted the city's prospects. It is also the location of consulates of India and Pakistan for trading and political links.
Transportation
Rail
Railway terminal
It became the first city in Afghanistan to coect itself by rail with a neighboring country. Rail service from Mazar-e Sharif to Uzbekistan began in December 2011 and cargo on freight trains arrive at a station near Mazar-i-Sharif Airport,[37] where the goods are reloaded onto trucks or airplanes and sent to their last destinations across Afghanistan.
Air
As of June 2016 Mazar-i-Sharif Airport had direct air coections to Kabul, Mashad, Tehran, and Istanbul.
Notable places
The modern city of Mazar-i Sharif is centred around the Shrine of Hazrat Ali. Much restored, it is one of Afghanistan's most glorious monuments. Outside Mazar-i Sharif lies the ancient city of Balkh. The city is a centre for the traditional buzkashi sport, and the Blue Mosque is the focus of northern Afghanistan's Nowruz celebration. Although most Muslims believe that the real grave of Ali is found within Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq, others still come to Mazar-e Sharif to pay respect.
The Blue Mosque is the main attraction which made the city famous.
Governor's Palace
Mazar-i-Sharif Gate under construction (July 2012)
- Airports
- Mosques
- Parks and monuments
- Stadiums
- Mazar-i-Sharif Cricket Stadium
- Buzkashi Stadium
- Universities
- Hospitals
- Regional Hospital of Mazar-e-Sharif
- Saleha Bayat Hospital
- Afghan National Army Regional Hospital at Camp Shaheen
- Hotels
- Banks
- Social Organizations
Twin towns – Sister cities
See also
برچسب:
نویسنده: یوسف اسماعیلی